Mengenal 12 Teks Bahasa Inggris dengan Mudah (Chapter 7)

DISCUSSION TEXT

Defenition of  Discussion Text

Discussion text merupakan jenis teks yang memaparkan minimal dua sudut pandang/pendapat atau point of view yang saling bertentangan tentang sebuah topik. Sudut pandang yang dimaksud dalam teks ini tidak hanya berasal dari satu sisi saja namun berasal dari berbagai sisi dan sumber .

Social function of Discussion text

Tujuan dari discussion text adalah memberikan pemahaman menyeluruh tentang suatu isu atau topik, dan pada akhirnya, membujuk pembaca untuk memahami dan menerima pandangan yang disampaikan dalam teks. The purpose of discussion text is to inform readers about a particular topic, issue, or question by presenting different perspectives, opinions, or arguments. 

 Language features of Discussion text

Dalam discussion text, ada beberapa ciri kebahasaan yang perlu diperhatikan. Melansir Rosie Peters (2000) dalam bukunya Targeting Text, ciri kebahasaan dari teks diskusi ialah: 

1. 1. Terdiri dari beberapa tenses. Umumnya dalam teks seperti ini kita menggunakan simple present tense, namun dalam beberapa kalimat yang mendukung pernyataan kita bisa menggunakan tenses lain. 
   2. Menggunakan general nouns, seperti governments, students, dan lain-lain. 
   3. Menggunakan active voice atau kalimat aktif. 
   4. Menggunakan conjunctions, seperti furthermore, as well as this, in addition,  dan lain-lain. 
   5. Menggunakan contrastive, seperti conversely, on the other hand, dan lain-lain. 
   6. Menggunakan bahasa yang persuasif, deskriptif, dan judgmental. 
   7. Menggunakan imperative. 
   8. Menggunakan modals. Contoh modals yang biasa digunakan dalam discussion text adalah should, must, could, dan lain sebagainya.
   9. Menggunakan kalimat kompleks.

Generic Structure of Discussion text

Secara umum teks discussion terdiri dari 4 bagian yakni issue, arguments for, arguments against, dan conclusion or recommendation.
Issue

Bagian ini akan berisi pengenalan masalah yang dibahas. Issue pada discussion text bisa berupa masalah hangat yang sedang beredar di sekitar, masalah pendidikan, kesehatan, sosial, politik, sejarah, atau isu-isu lainnya.

Arguments For

Struktur discussion text yang kedua adalah arguments for atau supporting points. Pada bagian ini, berisi penjelasan yang bersifat positif (pro). Jadi, jika kamu bisa menjelaskan hal-hal yang membuatmu setuju/mendukung terhadap isu yang didiskusikan. Argumen yang kamu utarakan bisa berupa keuntungan, manfaat, dan sebagainya. 

Pada bagian ini, penulis menghadirkan pendapat yang kemudian mendukung isu. Di setiap paragraf Supporting purpose terdiri dari dua komponen diantaranya adalah ide pokok paragraf dan elaborasi atau uraian.

Argument Against

Kebalikan pada poin sebelumnya, contrasting points atau arguments against  akan berisi penjelasan yang bersifat negatif atau pendapat yang menentang isu maupun permasalahan (kontra). Jadi, kamu bisa menjelaskan hal-hal yang membuatmu tidak setuju terkait isu yang didiskusikan. Bisa berupa kerugian, atau hal-hal negatif lainnya.

Sama halnya pada paragraf supporting purpose, different points memiliki dua komponen pembentuk yakni ide pokok paragraf serta elaborasi atau uraian yang berasal dari ide pokok paragraf tersebut.

Conclusion or Recommendation

Bagian terakhir dari discussion text adalah conclusion atau recommendation. Di sini, kamu bisa membuat kesimpulan dari hasil diskusi yang sedang dibahas. Selain itu, kamu juga bisa memberikan saran terkait solusi terhadap isu tersebut. Singkatnya, di bagian ini penulis akan menghadirkan kesimpulan atau bisa juga mengambil satu poin dari argumen yang diberikan dan memberikan pernyataan atau rekomendasi dari isu atau permasalahan yang telah didiskusikan di atas.

Example of Discussion text

Online Learning vs. Traditional Education

Statement of Issue:

The ongoing discourse surrounding online learning and traditional education necessitates a thorough examination of the advantages and disadvantages associated with each, aiming to determine the most effective approach to providing comprehensive education.

Supporting Argument (Pro):

Online learning, with its flexibility and accessibility, enables students to engage with educational materials at their own pace from virtually anywhere. The adaptability of online platforms caters to diverse learning styles, offering a plethora of resources that enhance the overall learning experience. The integration of multimedia elements fosters interactive and personalized learning environments, contributing to increased student engagement.

Contrast Argument (Contra):

Conversely, traditional education, characterized by in-person interactions, cultivates essential interpersonal skills vital for real-world scenarios. The physical classroom environment provides face-to-face engagement opportunities, promoting dynamic discussions and collaborative learning. However, challenges emerge with traditional education, including geographical limitations and potential resource constraints.

Recommendation (Conclusion):

In conclusion, a blended learning model that amalgamates the strengths of both online and traditional education should be embraced. This approach ensures flexibility and personalized learning while preserving the valuable face-to-face interactions that are integral to a holistic educational experience.

EXERCISES

Choose the best answer based on the following text for questions 1 to  5!

Should children  are given homework or not

Some people claim that children do enough work in school already. They also argue that children have hobbies that they want to do after school, such, as sports or music. A further point they make is that a lot of homework is pointless and doesn’t help the child learn at all.

However, there are also strong arguments against this point of view. Parents and teachers argue that it is important to find out whether children can work on their own

without the support from the teacher. They say that the evening is a good time for children to sit down and think about what they have learned in school. Furthermore they claim that the school day is too short to get anything done that needs doing and it makes sense to send home tasks like independent reading or further writing tasks that don’t need teacher’s support.

On balance, I think that some homework is a good idea but that it should only given at the weekend when children have more time.

1. How do we compare the second and the fourth paragraph?
   A. Both paragraphs argue that homework is necessary for students.
   B. Unlike the fourth paragraph, the second paragraph argues that homework is unnecessary.
   C. The second paragraph supports that students need homework, but the fourth paragraph does not.
   D. The second paragraph and the fourth paragraph argue that students do not need homework.
   E. The second and the fourth paragraphs do not say anything about the benefit of homework.
2. How many reasons are presented by those who are against homework?
   A. 1
   B. 2
   C. 3
   D. 4
   E. 5
3. Those who are pro homework think that the students can … in the evening.
   A. prepare for the next lesson
   B. review their lessons
   C. enjoy their pastime
   D. do their hobbies
   E. test themselves
4. “A further point they make is that a lot of homework is pointless and doesn’t help the child learn at all.” (Paragraph 2)
   The underlined word is synonymous with …
   A. terrible
   B. careless
   C. difficult
   D. unimportant
   E. uninteresting
5. What is the writer’s suggestion about homework?
   A. Homework is pointless.
   B. Homework is badly needed.
   C. Homework should be given at weekend.
   D. Student should not be given homework.
   E. Student must frequently have homework.

Do Your Best

Kreator : Sitti Aman