Mengenal 12 Teks Bahasa Inggris dengan Mudah (Chapter 9)

Defenition of  Explanation Text

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xplanation text merupakan salah satu jenis teks yang menceritakan proses yang berkaitan dengan pembentukan fenomena alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, dan budaya. Pengertian tersebut dilansir dari British Course. 

Social function of Explanation Text

Tujuan dari menulis teks ini adalah untuk memberi tahu pembaca tentang bagaimana sesuatu bekerja atau mengapa sesuatu terjadi. Teks ini akan menjelaskan sebuah kejadian secara berurutan.

Language features of Explanation Text

Explanation text memiliki ciri-ciri kebahasaan sebagai berikut: 

1. Menggunakan present tense, karena explanation text membahas sebuah fakta.
2. Menggunakan kelompok kata benda yang kompleks, hal ini bertujuan untuk membangun deskripsi yang rinci misalnya, ‘Threatening’, ‘Rampaging’ atau ‘Enormous’ dan masih banyak lagi.
3. Menggunakan kata benda abstrak seperti ‘heat’, ‘earthquakes’, ‘floods’, dan lain-lain.
4. Menggunakan kalimat yang subjeknya jelas dan menggunakan kata kerja agreement.
5. Menggunakan action verbs untuk menjelaskan penyebab dari fenomena yang dibahas seperti ‘from’ atau ‘started from’.
6. Menggunakan adverbial phrase dari sebuah waktu dan tempat untuk memberi tahu kapan dan di mana kejadian tersebut berlangsung. Misalnya. ‘Its is to be found in Sulawesi, Indonesia’.
7. Menggunakan penghubung untuk menghubungkan urutan waktu dalam urutan sebab akibat. Misalnya ‘after’, ‘finally’, ‘so’, ‘then’ dan lain-lain.
8. Menggunakan passive voice yang berguna untuk menekankan fokus kejadian yang berlangsung.
9. Menggunakan konjungsi waktu, misalnya, ‘when’, ‘as’. Konjungsi waktu ini untuk mengurutkan dan menghubungkan peristiwa sehingga teks yang ditulis lebih mengalir. Konjungsi waktu ini bisa ditempatkan lebih dahulu pada sebuah kalimat untuk memusatkan perhatian pembaca.
10. Menggunakan istilah-istilah teknis atau rantai kata tentang subjek.

Generic Structure of Explanation Text

Adapun struktur teks dari explanation text yakni:

1. Title

Struktur yang pertama adalah title atau judul. Judul teks memberikan gambaran tentang isi teks.

2. General Statement

Pada bagian kedua, yaitu general statement, akan dijelaskan tentang gambaran umum mengenai hal yang dijelaskan pada teks.

3. Explanation

Selanjutnya, ada bagian explanation. Bagian ini memberikan rangkaian proses tentang bagaimana dan mengapa sesuatu terjadi atau sebab akibat yang dijelaskan melalui urutan kejadian. FYI, bagian explanation ini bisa terdiri lebih dari satu paragraf, loh.

4. Conclusion

Terakhir, ada bagian conclusion, yang berisi kesimpulan dari seluruh proses yang sudah dijelaskan sebelumnya.

Example of Explanation Text

1. How Do Touchscreens Work

Touchscreens have become ubiquitous in our daily lives, from smartphones and tablets to ATMs and interactive kiosks. But have you ever wondered how these sleek surfaces detect our touch and respond to our commands? The explanation lies in the underlying technology.

At the heart of a touchscreen is a grid of touch sensors, typically made of a transparent material like indium tin oxide (ITO). These sensors are arranged in rows and columns, forming a grid that covers the screen. When you touch the screen, your finger disrupts the electrical field of these sensors.

As your fingertip makes contact with the screen, it creates a point of contact that changes the capacitance at that specific location on the grid. The touch sensor grid continuously monitors the capacitance of each sensor. When a sensor detects a change in capacitance, it registers a touch event.

To determine the exact location of the touch, the touchscreen controller calculates the coordinates based on which row and column sensors detected the change in capacitance. This calculation allows the device to pinpoint where the touch occurred with high accuracy.

There are various types of touchscreens, including resistive, capacitance, and infrared. Resistive touchscreens work by physically pressing two layers together, while capacitance touchscreens, the most common type in smartphones, rely on the conductive properties of your finger. Infrared touch screens use an array of infrared sensors to detect touch.

Once the touchscreen determines the touch location, it sends this information to the device’s processor. The processor then interprets the touch as a specific action, such as opening an app, moving an object, or typing a letter.

In conclusion, touchscreens work through the interaction of touch sensors and a touch controller. When you touch the screen, the disruption in capacitance is detected, and the precise touch location is calculated. This technology has revolutionized how we interact with electronic devices, making them more intuitive and user-friendly.

2. How Does Rain Happen 

We all know that rain is the primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world, providing suitable conditions for diverse ecosystems. Rain is water that descends from the sky through several processes until the rain occurs. Do you know how does rain happens? 

The phenomenon of rain is actually a water circle. The concept of a water circle includes the sun heating the Earth’s water surface and causing the water surface to evaporate. Earth’s water includes water from lakes, rivers, and oceans. Then, the water vapor experiences condensation and becomes condensed vapor. 

Condensed vapor is formed from droplets so that when the air temperature is higher, it makes the droplets gather, condensed, and formed into clouds. The presence of winds helps clouds move and gather in other places that have lower temperatures. At that time, the droplets become heavier and unstoppable and cause the droplets to fall so that there is rain.

EXERCISES

Choose the best answer based on the following text for questions 1 to  5!

Tsunami

A tsunami occurs when a major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips. The displaced rock pushes water above it like a giant paddle, producing powerful water waves at the ocean surface. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the earthquake source and move across the ocean until they reach the coastline, where their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the part of the earth’s crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land.

A tsunami washes ashore with often disastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to drowning, and damage to property.

A tsunami is a very large sea wave that is generated by a disturbance along the ocean floor. This disturbance can be an earthquake, a landslide, or a volcanic eruption. A tsunami is undetectable far out in the ocean, but once it reaches shallow water, this fast-traveling wave grows very large.

1. The generic structure of the text is …
A. Thesis – Arguments – Reiteration
B. Thesis – Arguments – Recommendation
C. Orientation – Complications – Resolution 
D. Explanation – Conclusion

2. Tsunami happens because …
A. The displaced rock pushes water above it.
B. A significant fault under the ocean floor slips suddenly.
C. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the source.
D. The waves move across the ocean until they reach the beach.

3. What are the impacts of tsunamis?
A. The part of the Earth’s crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor down to the land.
B. A tsunami washes ashore with often disastrous effects such as flooding and loss of lives.
C. A tsunami is a very large sea wave that is not generated by a disturbance along the ocean floor.
D. A tsunami is detectable far out in the ocean.

4. We understand from the text that tsunami …
A. Causes the movement of the earth.
B. Forms a new shape of the coastline.
C. Makes unfortunate events.
D. Rises a new coastal land.

5. “… producing powerfulwater waves at the ocean surface.” The synonym of the underlined word is …
A. Fast
B. Deep
C. Quick
D. Strong

Do Your Best

Kreator : Sitti Aman